Comprehensive Guide to Apparel Measurements and Technical Pack Terminology

Accurate garment measurements are critical in the apparel manufacturing process. Tech packs, which include detailed specifications for the design and production of clothing, rely heavily on precise measurements to ensure consistency and quality across production batches. This guide covers essential body measurements, garment details, and additional terms, helping you create accurate tech packs that lead to better garment fits and production outcomes.

Understanding Key Garment Measurements

Accurate body and garment measurements are the foundation of every garment design. Whether you are a designer, manufacturer, or sourcing team, knowing these terms and how they apply to your clothing production is crucial. Below, we cover the essential categories of garment measurements, providing detailed explanations of each term.

Body Measurements

Understanding body measurements is the foundation of garment creation:

• Waist: The narrowest part of the torso, typically above the hips.
• Hip: The widest part of the hips.
• High Hip: The area just below the natural waistline.
• Low Hip: The section below the hip bone.
• Chest: Circumference around the fullest part of the bust.
• Lower Chest: The area below the bustline.
• Across Chest: Horizontal measurement across the front of the chest.
• Across Back: Measurement spanning the width of the back.
• Breast Height: The vertical distance from the shoulder to the apex of the breast.
• Girth: A measurement around the circumference of a part of the body, such as the torso.
• Armhole/Sleevehole: The opening in a garment for the arm to pass through.

Garment Details

Garment details are key to understanding how the clothing will fit and feel, and the finish of the garment is often determined by these specifications.

• Ruffle: Decorative, gathered, or pleated fabric strips.
• Shirring: A fabric-gathering technique using elastic threads for a stretchy effect.
• Pleat: Structured fabric folds used for shaping and style.
• Pintuck: Narrow stitched folds, often decorative.
• Flounce: Circular-cut fabric that creates a flowy, dramatic effect.
• Facing: Strips of fabric sewn to raw edges for a clean finish.
• Dart: Sewn folds that shape a garment to fit the body.
• Lining: Inner fabric layer for structure, warmth, or comfort.
• Waterfall: Overlapping, cascading fabric layers for aesthetic effect.
• Yoke: A shaped panel, typically across the shoulders or upper back.
• Drape: The way fabric hangs or flows on a garment.

Lower Body

Precision in lower body construction ensures comfort and fit:

• Crotch: The junction of the legs at the torso.
• Fly: Closure area in pants, often with zippers or buttons.
• Front Rise: Measurement from the crotch to the front waistband.
• Back Rise: Distance from the crotch to the back waistband.
• Inseam: Inner leg seam from crotch to hem.
• Outseam: Outer leg seam from waist to hem.
• Thigh: Circumference of the upper leg.
• Knee: Measurement or placement around the middle leg joint.
• Calf: Lower leg circumference below the knee.

Garment Components

Each part contributes to the functionality and style of a garment:

• Insert: Additional fabric pieces for design or movement.
• Gusset Piece: A triangular or diamond-shaped fabric piece added to seams for added flexibility.
• Neck Width: Horizontal neckline width measurement.
• Collar: Neck-enclosing part, available in styles like roll-neck, rugby collar, or tricot collar.
• Sleeve: Garment section that covers the arms, including features like:
  • Sleeve Band: Encircling fabric at the cuff.
  • Upper Sleeve: Section above the elbow.
  • Armhole Depth: Vertical measurement of the armhole.
• Placket: Opening reinforced with fabric, commonly for buttons or zippers.
• Epaulet: Shoulder strap or decorative fabric panel.
• Bib: A prominent front panel, often seen in overalls.
• Overlap Depth: The fabric area that overlaps at a closure.

Fasteners & Accessories

Functional and aesthetic details define a garment’s utility and style:

• Button & Buttonhole: Classic fastener and matching slit.
• Zipper: Interlocking closure mechanism.
• Belt: Worn around the waist, often paired with a buckle or loop.
• Eyelet: Small, reinforced fabric openings for laces or cords.
• Strap: Narrow fabric bands, such as shoulder straps.
• Buckle Hook: Fastening mechanism for securing straps.

Pockets & Embellishments

Adding practicality and design elements:

• Patch Pocket: Fabric pieces stitched onto garments for storage.
• Back Pocket: Rear-sewn pockets, common in pants.
• Coin Pocket: A small pocket, often included in jeans.
• Welt: Narrow fabric strips, often seen on pocket edges.
• Pocket Flap: Fabric covering for pocket openings.
• Pocket Expansion: Additional fabric for increased storage capacity.

Accessories & Specialized Terms

Extras that enhance garments’ functionality and aesthetic:

• Hat: Headwear, featuring components like a brim or peak.
• Scarf: Versatile neck or head covering.
• Halterneck: Neckline style tied or fastened behind the neck.
• Mitten: Hand covering with a single pocket for fingers.
• Corsage: A decorative bouquet, worn on clothing.

Key Measurements

Accurate measurements are vital for ensuring perfect fit and proportion:

• Front Length, Back Length, Side Length: Vertical garment measurements.
• Across Shoulder: Measurement spanning shoulder-to-shoulder.
• Armhole/Sleevehole: Circumference of the sleeve opening.
• Neck Hole: Circumference of the neckline opening.
• Upper Sleeve: Measurement above the elbow.
• X Measurement Stretch: Fabric stretchability measurements (relaxed, extended).
• Forward Shoulder: Shoulder positioning with forward slope.

Tips for Accurate Garment Measurements

1. Use Proper Tools: A soft tape measure and a flat surface are essential for taking accurate body measurements. Avoid using hard measuring tapes, as they can distort measurements.
2. Stand Straight: For body measurements, ensure the person is standing up straight with shoulders back and feet together for the most accurate results.
3. Double-Check: Take each measurement twice to confirm its accuracy. This is especially important for measurements around the waist, chest, and hips.
4. Relax the Fabric: For fabric measurements, ensure the material is relaxed or laid flat, especially when dealing with stretch fabrics or textured materials.
5. Use Consistent Units: Always ensure that measurements are consistent in terms of units. Using inches or centimeters across all dimensions ensures compatibility when creating tech packs or communicating with suppliers.

This glossary empowers manufacturers, designers, and fashion professionals with a comprehensive understanding of the key terms and details involved in apparel production. Whether creating custom garments or mass-producing collections, precise terminology ensures efficient communication and exceptional results.